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Journal article
Monitoring the Electrochemical Processes in the Lithium-Air Battery by Solid State NMR Spectroscopy
Journal of physical chemistry. C, Vol.117(51), pp.26929-26939
26/Dec/2013
PMCID: PMC3905693
PMID: 24489976
Abstract
A multi-nuclear solid-state NMR approach is employed to investigate the lithium-air battery, to monitor the evolution of the electrochemical products formed during cycling, and to gain insight into processes affecting capacity fading. While lithium peroxide is identified by O-17 solid state NMR (ssNMR) as the predominant product in the first discharge in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) based electrolytes, it reacts with the carbon cathode surface to form carbonate during the charging process. C-13 ssNMR provides evidence for carbonate formation on the surface of the carbon cathode, the carbonate being removed at high charging voltages in the first cycle, but accumulating in later cycles. Small amounts of lithium hydroxide and formate are also detected in discharged cathodes and while the hydroxide formation is reversible, the formate persists and accumulates in the cathode upon further cycling. The results indicate that the rechargeability of the battery is limited by both the electrolyte and the carbon cathode stability. The utility of ssNMR spectroscopy in directly detecting product formation and decomposition within the battery is demonstrated, a necessary step in the assessment of new electrolytes, catalysts, and cathode materials for the development of a viable lithium-oxygen battery.
Details
- Title
- Monitoring the Electrochemical Processes in the Lithium-Air Battery by Solid State NMR Spectroscopy
- Creators
- Michal Leskes - University of CambridgeAmy J Moore - University of CambridgeGillian R Goward - McMaster UniversityClare P Grey (Corresponding Author) - University of Cambridge
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of physical chemistry. C, Vol.117(51), pp.26929-26939; 26/Dec/2013
- Number of pages
- 11
- Publisher
- AMER CHEMICAL SOC
- Language
- English
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/jp410429k
- PMID
- 24489976
- PMCID
- PMC3905693
- Grant note
- The UK 850 MHz Solid-State NMR Facility used in this research was funded by EPSRC and BBSRC, as well as by the University of Warwick with partial funding through Birmingham Science City Advanced Materials Projects 1 and 2 supported by Advantage West Midlands (AWM) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). We also thank the National Ultrahigh-Field NMR Facility for Solids (Ottawa, Canada), a national research facility funded by the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, the Ontario Innovation Trust, and Recherche Quebec, for access to the 900 MHz NMR spectrometer. We thank Prof. Dominic Wright and Matthew Dunstan for their help in synthesizing the 17O enriched compounds and Prof. Peter Bruce and Timothy King for helpful discussions. M.L is an awardee of the Weizmann Institute of Science – National Postdoctoral Award for Advancing Women in Science and thanks the EU Marie Curie intra-European fellowship for funding. We thank Johnson Matthey for funding (A.J.M.) and fruitful discussions. This research was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council as part of the Supergen energy storage consortium.
- Record Identifier
- 993357658603596
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