Journal article
A guide to the composition and functions of the extracellular matrix
The FEBS journal
23/Mar/2021
PMID: 33605520
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic 3-dimensional network of macromolecules that provides structural support for the cells and tissues. Accumulated knowledge clearly demonstrated over the last decade that ECM plays key regulatory roles since it orchestrates cell signaling, functions, properties and morphology. Extracellularly secreted as well as cell-bound factors are among the major members of the ECM family. Proteins/glycoproteins, such as collagens, elastin, laminins and tenascins, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronan, and their cell receptors such as CD44 and integrins, responsible for cell adhesion, comprise a well-organized functional network with significant roles in health and disease. On the other hand, enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases and specific glycosidases including heparanase and hyaluronidases contribute to matrix remodeling and affect human health. Several cell processes and functions, among them cell proliferation and survival, migration, differentiation, autophagy, angiogenesis, and immunity regulation are affected by certain matrix components. Structural alterations have been also well associated with disease progression. This guide on the composition and functions of the ECM gives a broad overview of the matrisome, the major ECM macromolecules, and their interaction networks within the ECM and with the cell surface, summarizes their main structural features and their roles in tissue organization and cell functions, and emphasizes the importance of specific ECM constituents in disease development and progression as well as the advances in molecular targeting of ECM to design new therapeutic strategies.
Details
- Title
- A guide to the composition and functions of the extracellular matrix
- Creators
- Nikos K Karamanos (Corresponding Author) - Foundation for Research and Technology HellasAchilleas D Theocharis (Corresponding Author) - University of PatrasZoi Piperigkou - Foundation for Research and Technology HellasDimitra Manou - University of PatrasAlberto Passi - University of InsubriaSpyros S Skandalis - University of PatrasDemitrios H Vynios - University of PatrasVéronique Orian-Rousseau - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologySylvie Ricard-Blum - Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et SupramoléculairesChristian E H Schmelzer - Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergLaurent Duca - University of Reims Champagne-ArdenneMadeleine Durbee - Lund UniversityNikolaos A Afratis - 972WIS_INST___120Linda Troeberg - University of East AngliaMarco Franchi - University of BolognaValentina Masola - University of PaduaMaurizio Onisto - University of Padua
- Resource Type
- Journal article; subtype.review
- Publication Details
- The FEBS journal
- Number of pages
- 63
- Publisher
- England
- Language
- English
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.15776
- PMID
- 33605520
- Grant note
- Authors would like to thank Konstantina Kyriakopoulou (MSc, University of Patras) for technical assistance during this work. NKK, ADT and ZP acknowledge funding from the project ArthroMicroPerMed (MIS5033644), implemented under the ‘Action for the Strategic Development on the Research and Technological Sector’, funded by the Operational Programme ‘Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation’ (NSRF 2014–2020) and co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) Author contributionsAll authors contributed to writing, reviewing and edited the manuscript. NKK organized, reviewed and submitted the manuscript.
- Record Identifier
- 993260817403596
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